However, Merck is moving to get beyond that too.To recap, Vytorin is the combination of two medications into one: the statin Zocor, or simvastatin, and Zetia, a drug that works to prevent absorption of cholesterol. The ENHANCE study was designed to show that Vytorin, approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2004, was more effective in lowering the so-called “bad” LDL cholesterol than a statin alone.
However, when the study concluded in April 2006, the results were less than stellar, with the data showing Vytorin was no more effective in preventing heart attacks than a statin alone. Yes, Vytorin lowered cholesterol nicely. But it was also determined that overall, Vytorin was no more effective than statins in reducing the risk of Vytorin heart attack.
Merck and Schering-Plough finally released the ENHANCE study in January 2008. Investors were not pleased, and many filed a Vytorin lawsuit alleging Merck and Schering-Plough profited by delaying the release of the ENHANCE study by nearly two years.
Now, Merck and Schering-Plough are back with the IMPROVE-IT study, and it appears the study has lived up to its name (specifically, the investigational IMProved Reduction of Outcomes: VYTORIN Efficacy International Trial). The new analysis shows that Vytorin, which combines simvastatin with the non-statin Zetia (ezetimibe), reduced total (defined as initial and recurrent) cardiovascular (CV) events by nine percent compared with simvastatin alone.
That’s a vindication for Merck and Schering-Plough, and unlike the delayed release of the ENHANCE trial results, the pharmaceutical giants have wasted no time in presenting their findings to the American Heart Association last year, and more recently to the 2015 American College of Cardiology Scientific Sessions, held March 14 through March 16, in San Diego.
Given the gaining age of the American population, any news of a drug proving effective in lowering the risk for heart attack deserves plaudits. For Merck and Schering-Plough, the improved outcome courtesy of the IMPROVE-IT trial is vindication. However, even in the face of improvements in the Vytorin heart attack arena, there remains - as is the case with all drugs - concerns over Vytorin side effects, including the potential for Vytorin liver damage.
And Vytorin lawsuits stemming from the delayed release of the ENHANCE study are still proving to be a headache.
Vytorin horizon brightens, but previous lawsuits still a distraction
Late last year Merck moved a motion to dismiss lawsuits brought by North Sound, GIC Pte. Ltd., United Food Commercial Workers Local 1500 Pension Fund, and Colonial First State Investments Ltd. The plaintiffs alleged that Merck concealed material information and made false statements that artificially inflated the value of Schering-Plough Corp. securities from January 3 through to March 28, 2008.
Merck and Schering-Plough settled various investor class actions in February 2013. Merck reached a $215 million settlement, with Schering-Plough reaching a $473 million settlement. US District Judge Dennis M. Cavanaugh granted preliminary approval of the settlements in June 2013, and gave plaintiffs who had opted out a window to opt back in by August 5, 2013.
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In November of last year, Merck filed a motion to dismiss the Vytorin lawsuits, arguing that any allegedly fraudulent statements made by the companies ended by January 3, 2008 at the latest, and that any alleged insider trading ended by May 1, 2007. Its position, therefore, is that the plaintiffs’ complaints were filed well after the five-year statute of repose expired.
As Merck and Schering-Plough continue to trumpet the improved results of the IMPROVE-IT study, they continue to try and push back against Vytorin lawsuits that stemmed from a time when they were alleged to have been a bit less forthcoming with results that were less than positive. They appear to be making up for lost time, now.